// An-ge-line.


God's child, CHC W426 & W473 spells love. Formerly from Greenridge Primary, Chua Chu Kang Secondary, and currently in Singapore Polytechnic, class of DBA14 in the year of 2009/10. Celebrates growth every 10th day of February, 'm eighteen this year. A'dores music and singing and sports like netball. Contact yours truly at funkyhotshot69@hotmail.com

Verse Of The Day

// iDesires


1) To grow spiritually stronger
2) W426& W473 to grow stronger
3) PassioNaliseD
4) Pastor Kong& family
5) Financial Breakthrough
6) Family's Salvation

Crumpler Bag, laptop cooler pad, laptop skin, in-line skate, colorful clothing, Guitar

// Es-capes


Double Clicks
W473 | W426 | Xiaxue | Ps Kong | Ps Phil | WYZ! | by Ombre |




// Tick-Tock




// Instant thoughts

First Love (:



// Spell your thoughts




// Plurk




// Daily clicks




// Sing-a-long


 




decision-making (process)
Top-level managers;
  • organizational goals
  • locate manufacturing facilities
  • what market to move into
  • what service to offer
Middle & lower-level managers;
  • weekly & monthly production
  • handling problems
  • allocating pay rise
  • disciplining employees
the 8 steps;
  1. identifying a problem
  2. identifying decision criteria
  3. allocating weights to the criteria
  4. developing alternatives
  5. analyzing alternatives
  6. selecting an alternative
  7. implementing the alternative
  8. evaluating decision effectiveness
types of problems & decisions;

1. structured problems & programmed decisions
  • 3 types programmed decisions - decisions & procedures, rule, policy
2. unstructured problems & non programmed decisions

decision-making (condition)
  1. certainty
  2. risk
  3. uncertainty
  • certainty - managers can make accurate decisions & all outcomes are known
  • risk - managers is able to estimate the likelihood of certain outcomes
  • uncertainty - managers has neither certainty nor reasonable probability estimates
advantages of group decision making
  1. generate more complete information & knowledge
  2. generate more diverse alternatives
  3. increase acceptance of a solution
  4. increase legitimacy
disadvantages of group decision making
  1. time consuming
  2. minority domination
  3. pressure to conform
  4. ambiguous responsibility
how to improve group decision making
  1. brainstorming
  2. nominal group technique
  3. electronic meetings
introduction to MOB
3 interpersonal roles
  1. figurehead - obliged to perform a number of routine duties
  2. leader - responsible for motivation, staff training & associated duties
  3. liaison - maintain self-developed network, outside contacts & informers
3 informational roles
  1. monitor - seek & receive a wide variety of information to develop thorough understanding
  2. disseminator - transmit information received from outsiders to members
  3. spokesperson - transmit information to outsider on organization's plan
4 decisional roles
  1. entrepreneur - searches organization and its environment for opportunities & initiates "improvement projects" to bring about changes
  2. disturbance handler - responsible for corrective actions when organizations faces important unexpected disturbances
  3. resource allocator - responsiblefor allocation of organizational resources
  4. negotiator - responsible for representing the organization at major negotiations
organizational culture (shared values)
  1. perceptions - individuals perceive the organization on what they see, hear, experience
  2. shared aspect of culture - different backgrounds or work at different levels
  3. descriptive - how people judge the organizations
7 cultural dimensions
  1. innovation & risk taking
  2. attention to detail
  3. outcome orientation
  4. people orientation
  5. team orientation
  6. aggressiveness
  7. stability
the environment
specific environment
  • customers - meet the needs of customers
  • suppliers - provide material, equipment, financial, labor input to other organizations
  • competitors - have one or more competitors, managers cannot ignore
  • pressure groups - special groups that attempt to influence organization
general environment
  • economic condition
  • political conditions
  • sociocultural conditions
  • demographic conditions
  • technological conditions
  • global